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Dolichovespula saxonica : ウィキペディア英語版 | Dolichovespula saxonica
''Dolichovespula saxonica,'' also known as the Saxon wasp, is a common social wasp found in the palearctic region, specifically in large parts of Europe and in northern and central Asia.〔Archer, Michael E. "Taxonomy, Distribution and Nesting Biology of Species of the Genus Dolichovespula (Hymenoptera, Vespidae)." Entomological Science 9 (2006): 281-93. Wiley Online Library. Web. 11 Oct. 2014. .〕 Although originally from Europe, ''D. saxonica'' has since colonized Britain, mainly in the south and east,〔http://data.nbn.org.uk/interactive/map.jsp?srchSp=NHMSYS0000875844〕 but has been recorded as far north as East Lothian, Scotland. Most of their nests are above ground in trees and bushes, but they can also be found in buildings. Due to the proliferation of nests in urban areas and near residential homes, ''D. saxonica'' can be a pest for people. As a result, many human interventions are in place to remove Saxon nests. ''D. saxonica'' has been found to use chemical signaling in a lot of behaviors, such as alarm calls, fertility cues, and chemical trails. == Taxonomy and phylogenetics == The Saxon wasp is part of the family Vespidae, a large family of varied wasp species. Within the Vespidae family is the genus ''Dolichovespula'', which is derived from the Greek word “dolikhos,” meaning “long.” This describes the characteristic long face found within the genus, as opposed to the short and round faces found in the ''Vespula'' genus. ''Dolichovespula'' contains 18 species, including ''D. saxonica'', and most are found throughout the Northern Hemisphere. 〔 ''Dolichovespula'' is closely related to the genus ''Vespula'', and species from both genera constitute the yellowjackets. Many of the species within ''Dolichovespula'' choose aerial nest sites, though most illustrate flexibility in nest site locations.〔 This differs from the ''Vespula'' genus, whose members often make subterranean nests. ''Dolichovespula'' species typically have mature colonies of about a thousand cells with about two thousand adults and a colony cycle that lasts three to five months.〔
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